What is an Arduino UNO?

If you want to play with different electronic components but you don’t have enough knowledge of how to work with them, then Arduino is what you need to get started … So what’s an Arduino UNO?

Hello everyone, Welcome to Embedded System and Robotics blog. Whenever you think of the word Robotics, one thing that would also strike your mind is how robotics work? How is the Robotics operated?

Arduino is essentially an open-source stage used for the construction of hardware ventures. Arduino consists of both a physical programmable circuit board (regularly referred to as a microcontroller) and a bit of programming, or IDE ( Integrated Development Environment) which suddenly spikes in demand for your PC, used to compose and transfer PC code to the Arduino UNO physical board.

Parts of Arduino UNO:

Digital Pins
USB Connector
Reset Button
Crystal Oscillator
Power Port
Analog Pins
Microcontroller
TX & RX LEDs

Arduino UNO Description

Arduinos contain various parts and interfaces together on a solitary circuit board.

DIGITAL PINS

The Arduino UNO board has 14 digital input/output pins. These pins can be programmed to act as digital input pins for reading logic values (0 or 1), These pins get the input/output from the LEDs, relay, and many other electronic components.

USB CONNECTOR

A universal serial bus ( USB) connector is a connector, which makes a connection between a computer and an Arduinos. USB cable type A/B USB 2.0 cable

RESET SWITCH

You can reset your Arduino board. It’s the same as to formatting any device,i.e.start your program from the start. (you can clear the previously uploaded program ). You reset the UNO board by just pressing the red button which presents on the Arduino board.

CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR

Basically, Crystal oscillators are used for clock signals in microprocessors and microcontrollers

POWER PORT

Arduino boards can be powered to the port directly from the AC power supply or by the DC supply. Can be supplied with an input of 7-12V. Its onboard voltage regulator is controlled to 5V, and the board is powered on

ANALOG PINS

Arduino UNO board has six analog input pins A1 TO A5 ( A0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5 ).These pins can read the signal from the different types of sensors like humidity sensors, temperature sensors.

MICROCONTROLLER

Every board at Arduino has its microcontroller You can assume that as your board’s brain. The Arduino’s principal IC (integrated circuit) is slightly different from board to board. Typically the microcontrollers are from ATMEL Corporation. Before loading a new program from Arduino IDE you must know what IC your board has. Arduino Uno is an ATmega328P-based Microcontroller Board

TX & RX LEDs

There are two PINS (D0 & D1)on your UNO board that are TX and RX which means transmit and receive respectively. These pins are responsible for serial communication that should be indicated at the digital pins 0 and 1. The TX led flashes when sending the serial data and RX flashes during the receiving process.

How to program the Arduino UNO Board?

In this blog, you have learned about the basic parts of the Arduino Uno board, but it’s not enough to know only the parts of the Arduino board, the main thing is to know how to control its brain means how to program the Arduino board. Now see how to write the code in Arduino IDE and how to upload the code to the UNO board.

Blinking Of LED Using ARDUINO UNO

In this project, only one red LED bulb is connected to the Arduino. As we discussed earlier the led is connected to the Analog pins. This LED’s cathode terminal is connected to the A 13 pin of the board as shown in the figure and the anode terminal is connected to the G N D pin which is the ground pin of the Arduino.

Arduino UNO Programming

void setup()
{
  pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
}

void loop()
{
  digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
  delay(1000); // Wait for 1000 millisecond(s)
  digitalWrite(13, LOW);
  delay(1000); // Wait for 1000 millisecond(s)
}

Understand the Adruino program:

Set up the Digital pins as shown in the above figure.
Set the Pin mode for the circuit pinMode(13, OUTPUT); -This means the Anode terminal is connected to the 13 number pin and gives some output.
void loop() – This function is used to repeat the process which occurs several times.
digitalWrite(13, HIGH) – This used to make HIGH or LOW value to a digital pin 13.
delay(1000); – This means wait for 1000 milliseconds (s).